ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ

ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ

ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ-ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ 2% ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ-ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ 2.5%~3.5%. ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯐꯥꯏꯠ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ{10%ꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ 1%ꯗꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ, ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ~ꯀꯥꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ, ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯉ꯭ꯒꯥꯅꯤꯖ, ꯐꯣꯁꯐꯔꯁ, ꯁꯂꯐꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ. ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯀꯜ, ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯤꯌꯥ, ꯃꯣꯂꯤꯕꯗꯦꯅꯝ, ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ, ꯀꯣꯄꯥꯔ, ꯕꯣꯔꯣꯟ, ꯚꯦꯅꯥꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ.ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ

2. ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯖꯤ.ꯑꯣ.ꯑꯦꯐ.

1. ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯐꯥꯏꯔ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯕꯥꯔ

ꯆꯥꯔꯀꯣꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯔꯕꯤꯀꯤꯎ, ꯍꯣꯠ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ 500-600mmꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ 100-150mm, 10-20mm.ꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫

2. ꯀꯣꯌꯂꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ

ꯀꯣꯌꯂꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯌꯂꯥ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯣꯌꯂꯥ ꯄꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯙꯥꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞꯅꯤ. ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ 500-600mmꯅꯤ, ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ 50-100mmꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ 5-10mm.ꯅꯤ꯫

3. ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ

ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯋꯔ, ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯂꯔꯖꯤ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯜꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, 1000-5000mmꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ, 100-300mmꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ, 20-50mm.

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ, ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯄꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯅꯥ, ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯒꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ.

ꯍꯠ ꯇꯦꯒꯁ: ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ, ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯠ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯚꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯟ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ